Cesa Yazılım
TR EN DE

AMP • EN

Crypto Exchange Security 10 Golden Rules

Crypto Exchange Security 10 Golden Rules - Detaylı rehber

Crypto Exchange Security: 10 Golden Rules

🔒 Golden Rule 1: Use Cold Wallet

Keep 90-95% of assets offline!

Hot vs Cold Wallet

Hot Wallet (Online)

Cold Wallet (Offline)

Implementation

1. Multi-signature cold wallets
2. Hardware wallets (Ledger, Trezor)
3. Air-gapped computers
4. Geographic distribution
5. Time-locked transfers

Binance approach:

🔐 Golden Rule 2: Multi-Signature (MultiSig)

Single signature is not enough!

2-of-3 MultiSig Example

For withdrawal, 2 of 3 people must approve:
- CEO signature
- CTO signature  
- CFO signature

Advantage: One person cannot be hacked

Best Practice

🛡️ Golden Rule 3: DDoS Protection

Protect from attacks!

Layered Protection

Layer 3-4 (Network)

Layer 7 (Application)

Statistics

🔑 Golden Rule 4: Make 2FA Mandatory

Two-Factor Authentication for everyone!

2FA Types

1. TOTP (Time-based OTP)

2. SMS (Risky!)

3. Hardware Tokens

Implementation

1. Registration: 2FA mandatory
2. Login: 2FA check
3. Withdrawal: Email + 2FA
4. API key: 2FA required
5. Settings change: 2FA verify

📧 Golden Rule 5: Email/SMS Confirmation

For every critical operation!

Operations Requiring Confirmation

Best Practice

# Withdrawal confirmation flow
1. User requests withdrawal
2. System sends email + SMS
3. User clicks link (30 min expiry)
4. 2FA verification
5. Withdrawal processed

🚨 Golden Rule 6: Anomaly Detection

Detect suspicious activities!

Machine Learning Models

Detect:

Actions

1. Freeze account (automatic)
2. Send alert (email + SMS)
3. Require additional verification
4. Manual review queue
5. Risk scoring system

Tools

🔍 Golden Rule 7: Regular Security Audits

Test continuously!

Audit Types

1. Code Audit

2. Penetration Testing

3. Infrastructure Audit

Cost

💰 Golden Rule 8: Insurance & SAFU Fund

Last line of defense!

Insurance Options

Crypto Insurance

Self-Insurance (SAFU)

Coverage

👥 Golden Rule 9: Internal Security

Biggest threat is from within!

Access Control

Principle of Least Privilege

CEO: Strategy decisions
CTO: Technical access
CFO: Financial access
Developers: Code only
Support: User data (limited)

Multi-approval

Background Checks

📚 Golden Rule 10: User Education

Educate users!

Phishing Protection

Teach:

Security Academy

🚨 Real Hack Examples

Why:

Lesson:

Why:

Lesson:

Why:

Lesson:

✅ Security Checklist

Technical

Operational

Compliance

💻 Technology Stack

Security Tools:

Infrastructure

- Firewall: Palo Alto / Fortinet
- DDoS: CloudFlare Enterprise
- WAF: Imperva / F5
- SIEM: Splunk / Elastic
- IDS/IPS: Snort / Suricata

Application

- 2FA: Google Authenticator API
- Encryption: AES-256
- SSL: Let's Encrypt / DigiCert
- API Security: Kong / Apigee
- Bot Detection: PerimeterX

Monitoring

- Uptime: Pingdom
- APM: New Relic / DataDog
- Logs: ELK Stack
- Alerts: PagerDuty
- Analytics: Mixpanel

📞 Professional Security Consulting

Cesa Software security services:

✅ Security audit ✅ Penetration testing ✅ Infrastructure review ✅ Incident response ✅ Security training

Contact:


Conclusion

Crypto exchange security is vital. 10 Golden Rules:

  1. 🔒 Cold Wallet (90-95%)
  2. 🔐 Multi-Signature
  3. 🛡️ DDoS Protection
  4. 🔑 2FA Mandatory
  5. 📧 Email Confirmation
  6. 🚨 Anomaly Detection
  7. 🔍 Regular Audits
  8. 💰 Insurance/SAFU
  9. 👥 Internal Security
  10. 📚 User Education

Security is not a cost, it's an investment! 🚀


Frequently Asked Questions

What is the most important security rule for crypto exchanges?

The most important security rule is using cold wallets for 90-95% of assets. Cold wallets are offline and cannot be hacked remotely. This protects the majority of funds even if hot wallets are compromised. Multi-signature cold wallets add an extra layer of security.

Why is multi-signature (MultiSig) important for crypto exchanges?

Multi-signature requires multiple approvals for transactions, preventing single points of failure. If one person's credentials are compromised, funds remain safe. For example, a 2-of-3 MultiSig requires 2 out of 3 authorized persons to approve withdrawals.

What is DDoS protection and why do exchanges need it?

DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks overwhelm servers with traffic, making exchanges unavailable. Exchanges need DDoS protection because downtime means lost revenue and user trust. Layered protection at network (Layer 3-4) and application (Layer 7) levels is essential.

Why is 2FA mandatory for crypto exchanges?

2FA (Two-Factor Authentication) adds a second verification step beyond passwords, significantly reducing account compromise risk. Even if passwords are stolen, attackers cannot access accounts without the 2FA code. TOTP apps (Google Authenticator) are more secure than SMS.

How does anomaly detection work in crypto exchanges?

Anomaly detection uses machine learning to identify suspicious activities like unusual withdrawal amounts, logins from new locations, or abnormal trading patterns. When anomalies are detected, accounts can be automatically frozen and alerts sent for manual review.

What security audits should crypto exchanges perform?

Crypto exchanges should perform code audits (smart contract review, vulnerability scanning), penetration testing (quarterly white hat hacking), and infrastructure audits (server configuration, SSL/TLS verification). Regular audits help identify and fix vulnerabilities before attackers exploit them.

How much insurance should a crypto exchange have?

Insurance coverage depends on exchange size and risk profile. Major exchanges typically have $100M-$1B in coverage. Self-insurance through SAFU funds (10% of trading fees) provides additional protection. Insurance should cover hot wallet hacks, internal theft, and operational errors.

What is the biggest security threat to crypto exchanges?

The biggest security threat is often internal - employees with excessive access or malicious insiders. Implementing principle of least privilege, multi-approval processes, background checks, and access controls minimizes internal security risks.

How often should security audits be performed?

Security audits should be performed quarterly for penetration testing, annually for comprehensive audits, and continuously for code reviews. After major updates or security incidents, immediate audits are recommended. Regular audits are essential for maintaining security.

What should users do to protect themselves on crypto exchanges?

Users should enable 2FA, use strong unique passwords, enable email/SMS confirmations for withdrawals, use whitelisted withdrawal addresses, avoid phishing scams, never share credentials, and use hardware wallets for large amounts. User education is crucial for overall security.

Sıkça Sorulan Sorular

What is the most important security rule for crypto exchanges?

The most important security rule is using cold wallets for 90-95% of assets. Cold wallets are offline and cannot be hacked remotely. This protects the majority of funds even if hot wallets are compromised. Multi-signature cold wallets add an extra layer of security.

Why is multi-signature (MultiSig) important for crypto exchanges?

Multi-signature requires multiple approvals for transactions, preventing single points of failure. If one person's credentials are compromised, funds remain safe. For example, a 2-of-3 MultiSig requires 2 out of 3 authorized persons to approve withdrawals.

What is DDoS protection and why do exchanges need it?

DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks overwhelm servers with traffic, making exchanges unavailable. Exchanges need DDoS protection because downtime means lost revenue and user trust. Layered protection at network (Layer 3-4) and application (Layer 7) levels is essential.

Why is 2FA mandatory for crypto exchanges?

2FA (Two-Factor Authentication) adds a second verification step beyond passwords, significantly reducing account compromise risk. Even if passwords are stolen, attackers cannot access accounts without the 2FA code. TOTP apps (Google Authenticator) are more secure than SMS.

How does anomaly detection work in crypto exchanges?

Anomaly detection uses machine learning to identify suspicious activities like unusual withdrawal amounts, logins from new locations, or abnormal trading patterns. When anomalies are detected, accounts can be automatically frozen and alerts sent for manual review.

What security audits should crypto exchanges perform?

Crypto exchanges should perform code audits (smart contract review, vulnerability scanning), penetration testing (quarterly white hat hacking), and infrastructure audits (server configuration, SSL/TLS verification). Regular audits help identify and fix vulnerabilities before attackers exploit them.

How much insurance should a crypto exchange have?

Insurance coverage depends on exchange size and risk profile. Major exchanges typically have $100M-$1B in coverage. Self-insurance through SAFU funds (10% of trading fees) provides additional protection. Insurance should cover hot wallet hacks, internal theft, and operational errors.

What is the biggest security threat to crypto exchanges?

The biggest security threat is often internal - employees with excessive access or malicious insiders. Implementing principle of least privilege, multi-approval processes, background checks, and access controls minimizes internal security risks.

How often should security audits be performed?

Security audits should be performed quarterly for penetration testing, annually for comprehensive audits, and continuously for code reviews. After major updates or security incidents, immediate audits are recommended. Regular audits are essential for maintaining security.

What should users do to protect themselves on crypto exchanges?

Users should enable 2FA, use strong unique passwords, enable email/SMS confirmations for withdrawals, use whitelisted withdrawal addresses, avoid phishing scams, never share credentials, and use hardware wallets for large amounts. User education is crucial for overall security.